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If,
like us, you have been, or are, a "City dweller" then sheep are not
perhaps something you'd think especially interesting for an Artist to
draw, until you happen upon the breed historically known as, the
"Shropshire" (as it is now known) of native black-faced variety
originally known as "Longmynd" (relating to the legendary Longmynd Hill
(or Mound/Mountain) at the back of our studio) but they are truly
magnificent creatures with "attitude" and, as an artist known amongst
other things as being brilliant at "characterisation" it is then
more obvious why he might decide upon a series of sheep drawings.
Certainly, upon moving to Shropshire from Wimbledon, it was "a
culture shock" especially visually, but not in anything but a positive
way, creatively. Research
states the breed became known by the name "Shropshires" in 1848. This
now rare breed apparently evolved in the eighteenth century from the
native sheep of the county of the same name in what is now the West
Midlands of England and historically known as "The
Marches". It seems one version of its evolution is that two
original breeds contributed the most to the makeup of the Shropshire as
we know it today, the Longmynd from what is now The Shropshire Hills
and Welsh border counties, and the "Morfe Common sheep" originally
found in a restricted area approximately sixteen hundred hectares
alongside the River Severn, a breed referred to then as “the
pride and boast of Shropshire”. That's
as maybe, and we are not experts on sheep lineage, but we can attest
that "Mynd sheep" around the studio today are are often black-faced and
evoke visual response in The Artist and we learn from farmer friends
that horned sheep are apparently typical of hill and mountain breeds.
The Morfe variety of history also had small horns and speckled or dark
faces and legs and had been recognized from as early as 1300 and this
cross-breed produced the Shropshire wool known as the choicest and
dearest in England. In 1694 wool from this county was described as "not
to be equaled in its kind, by any part of the world." (At that time the
Merino was almost unknown outside Spain, arriving in Britain 1791.) The
drawing is in Goldpoint, 22 Carat Gold wire held between two wooden
sticks, in the ancient manner of the Renaissance Artists, and is
rendered on cotton rag primed with a studio-made crushed eggshell
ground prepared in the manner of antiquity, in a mortar and pestle (a
tool used to crush, grind, and mix substances - the pestle is a heavy
stick whose end is used for pounding and grinding, and the mortar is a
bowl) and the eggshells are ground between the pestle and the mortar
until fine and then made into a ground by the admixture of rabbit skin
glue. Metalpoint
(typically in Silver but also in Copper or Gold) allows for no "rubbing
out or reconsideration" and so exceptional skill is required to
"render it once only" but what it lacks in flexibility it makes up for
in its wonderful qualities of subtlety, fine delicate shading and
beautiful sheen, and the additional quality it displays when the metal,
exposed to the air, oxidizes and darkens with age. But
back to the subject itself: it seems argument still runs as to whether
the current breed are direct descendants of the ancient sheep of
Shropshire, bred to be a better and better strain though selective
feeding methods down the years, or rather that they are a successful
cross-breed from selected mating of the best from the old native breeds
of the two counties of Staffordshire and Shropshire, which adjoin each
other, while yet another theory is that it is a result of crossing
Southdowns, Leicesters and Cotswolds with the native black-faced
Longmynd. It is maintained that Southdown rams were used to breed out
the coarseness and horns of the original sheep while Leicester and
Cotswold blood improved the length of the wool and gave size to the
sheep and these various elements became fused to became known by the
name it now bears, in 1848. Yet further, some argue that the modern
Shropshires are descended from the Cannock Chase breed known as the
"Whittington Heath Sheep." In
any event, the new breed rapidly became extremely successful even being
exported to Virginia in the USA somewhere around 1855 though by the
1980s it had fallen out of favour in Britain and was officially
considered a Rare Breed with only 500 to 800 breeding ewes. Folklore,
farmer's boasts and bragging, lost records, faulty memories, and the
sheer passage of time and assumption-making, who can say for sure, but
certainly, around our studio, up on the hills opposite, the haughty
black faced Rams look decidedly in charge of the pathways they block
when we walk, with sketchbook and notebook in hand. They
may, perhaps, be "just looking" but you definitely don't want to argue
the right of way forward in the mating season . . . . . . . |
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